Мырзағазы Есполовтың қоғамдық-ағартушылық қызметі

Abstract

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the socio-educational activities of Myrzagazy Espolov within the context of the first quarter of the twentieth century. The relevance of the study is обусловлена the need to reassess the process of formation of the Kazakh national intelligentsia and its cultural and educational activities based on archival sources. Despite the considerable scholarly interest in the history of the Alash movement, the contribution of its individual representatives, including Myrzagazy Espolov, has so far been addressed only fragmentarily. The purpose of the study is to identify the main directions of Espolov’s socio-educational activities, to determine their evolution across different historical periods, and to analyze the interconnection between his pedagogical, social, and governmental roles. In addition, the study aims to clarify the content and specific features of his activities and to assess their historical significance. The research is based on archival materials and employs methods of historical analysis. The findings demonstrate that Espolov’s activities were multi-faceted and developed in several stages. At the initial stage, he was engaged in teaching and carried out educational work among the population, contributing to the development of national education. In 1916-1917, he took part in organizing assistance for Kazakh workers mobilized for rear labor, focusing on improving their living conditions, protecting their rights, and addressing social issues. During the Alash movement, his activities acquired a political character and were aimed at supporting national ideas and participating in national congresses. In the Soviet period, he continued his socio-educational work while combining it with service in the state structures of the Turkestan ASSR. He was involved in the activities of the Kirghiz (Kazakh) Institute of Public Education (Kirinpros), worked as a teacher, and actively participated in the Society of Enthusiasts of Kirghiz (Kazakh) Culture “Talap,” contributing to the implementation of cultural and educational initiatives. In addition, his journalistic and translation work influenced the development of public thought. The study reveals the interconnection between Espolov’s educational and organizational activities. The article highlights his contribution to the development of national education and defines his place within the Kazakh intelligentsia. The scientific novelty lies in the comprehensive analysis of his socio-educational activities and in the assessment of their historical significance based on new archival sources.